Type-writing machine.



PATENTED OCT. 24, 1905.

' a. 0. BLICKENSDERFBR.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED 13150.6, 1902.

a SHEETS-SHEET 1.

No. 802,784. PATENTED OCT. 24, 1905. G. G. BLICKBNSDBRFER.

TYPE WRITING MAGHINE.

APPLIOATION FILED DEC. 6, 1902.

5 SHEETS--SHEET 2.

I ew? $7 M'W /QWW PATENTED OCT. 24, 1905.

G. C. BLIUKENSDERPER.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED DBG.6. 1902.

5 SHEETS-SHIJET 3 fvayewr' No. 802,734. PATENTED OCT. 24, 1905. G. U. BLIGKENSDERPER.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEG.6. 1902.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

jfwen 02" No. 802.734. PATENTED OCT. 24, 1905.

G. G. BLIGKBNSDERFBR. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEG. 6. 1902.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

GEORGE O. BLIGKENSDERFER, OF STAMFORD, CONNEGTITIGUTIT.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 24, 1905.

Application filed December 6, 1902. Serial No; 134,104.

To (ti/Z whom, (It may concern Be it known that 1, GEORGE O. BLIOKENS- nunrun, a citizen of the United States, residing at Stamford, county of Fairfield, and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Type-Writing Machines, fully described and represented in the following specification and the accompanying drawings, forming a part of the same.

This invention relates to certain improvements in carriage controlling and feeding mechanisms for type-writing machines.

The feeding of the carriage in certain classes of type-writing machines to produce the letterspacing is effected by means of a pawl which gives the carriage a stepbystep movement, the carriage being prevented from moving during the return of the feeding-pawl and the effecting of the impression by means of a holding-pawl which is either in constant operation or is in operation at all times except during the movement of the carriage produced by the feeding-pawl. Then, therefore, the carriage is to be returned by the operator, this holding-pawl, and in many cases the feeding-pawl also, must be thrown out, and mechanism must be provided for this purpose. This is objectionable particularly in poweroperatedmachines, and more especially in that class of power-operated machines in-which mechanism is provided for moving the carriage continuously in one or both directions. lln such machines and in other machines as well, whether power-operated or not, it is very desirable to have the carriage absolutely free to be moved in either direction at all times except during the timewhen the advancing mechanism is operated.

One of the objects of the invention is to produce an improved type-writer in which the carriage is free to move in either direction.

A further object of the'invention is to pro- I duce an improved means for controlling and parts of the machine shown in Fig. 1. Figs. 3 and 4': are detail plan views illustrating the operation of the connector mechanism. Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the clutch mechanism employed. Fig. 6 is a detail plan view of the feeding mechanism for the carriage. Fig. 7 isaside elevation, partly in section, of the construction shown in Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is a section on the line 8 8 of Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is a View illustrating the feeding mechanism shown in Fig. 6, but with the parts in a different position. Figs. 10 and 11 are diagrammatic views illustrating the operation of the mechanism for returning the type-wheel. Fig. 12 is a detail view.

Referring to the drawings, which illustrate a preferred embodiment of the invention, the frame in which the parts are mounted may be of any suitable form and constructed in any suitable manner. As shown, the frame embodies a base-plate 1, mounted on suitable feet 2, and a top plate 3, which is supported above the base in any suitable manner.

The machine which has been selected to illustrate the invention is a power -driven wheel-machine of the well-known Blickensderfer type; but it may be remarked that the improvements included in the invention are applicable to machines which are not poweroperated and to machines of other types than the wheel-machine.

The means by which the power is applied for operating the machine may be of any suitable description, but will preferably be similar to the means disclosed in my application, Serial No. 85,682, filed December 1, 1901. In the preferred form of the construction and as shown, (see Figs. 2 and 5,) the power mechanism comprises a constantly-running powershaft 5, provided with a driving-gear 6, the type mechanism being normally stationary and being thrown into and out of operative relation with the power mechanism for each printing operation. To effect this, there is provided a short shaft 9, to which is secured a gear 10, said gear being in mesh with the driving-gear 6. The gear 10 is secured to a toothed plate 11, which forms one of the parts of a clutch, the cooperating member consisting of a toothed plate 15, mounted on a hub, through which the shaft 9 passes, said hub being loose on the shaft. When the clutch is engaged, it serves to operate a driver,which, as shown, consists of a cam 18, which is connected to the tooth-plate 15 in such a way that the plate 15 may be moved to disengage IIO the parts of the clutch without disengaging it from the driver. The engagement of the clutch members is controlled by means of a pivoted controller-lever 25, which carries a cam 27. hen the lever 25 is in one position, the cam 27 enters between the clutch members and separates them. When the lever is in the other position, a suitable spring forces the clutch members together. The controller is operated by means of a slidebar 29, said bar having a hooked end 30, which has in turn a recess 81 therein, said recess engaging an extension 32 on the controller-lever. The slide-bar 29 has a spring 33 secured to its ends, which serves to move it toward the clutch at proper times. The construction is such that the slide-bar is disengaged from the controller as soon as the members of the clutch are engaged, and the controller therefore moves into position so as to separate the parts of the clutch as soon as the shaft 9 has completed a revolution. The disengagement of the slide-bar from the controllerlever is effected by means of a cam 35, which is connected to the driver 18 and operates on an extension 37 of the slide-bar, so that the slide-bar is lifted by the cam and disengaged from the controller-lever. This cam also acts on a pin 40, carried on an arm 39 of the controller-lever, to throw the controller into position so that the cam 27 will engage between and separate the parts of the clutch at the proper time. The construction of this clutch and its operating mechanism is fully described in the application hereinbefore referred to. It may be remarked, however, that any other suitable form of clutch and operating mechanism may be substituted for the one shown.

The driver 18 operates the actuating mechanism of the machine through a slide-bar &5, the construction of the driver being such that the slide-bar is started with an easy movement which increases very rapidly, so as to cause the slide-bar to run slightly ahead of the driver, thus enabling the type mechanism, which is operated by the actuating mechanism, to deliver an elastic blow on the paper, as distinguished from a punching blow. 1n the preferred form of the construction the actuator will preferably be normally stationary. As shown, it embodies a bar 48, supported on legs 1C9, which are secured to a rockshaft 50, suitably journaled in the base of the machine. This shaft 50 has secured to it an upright arm 51, to which the slide-bar 45 is connected in any suitable manner, as by a screw 54:. After the bar has been rocked by the driver it is returned by means of a spring 58, secured to the bar and to any suitable part of the frame of the machine. The end of the bar which is operated upon by the driver is supported by means of a bent lever 59 60, pivoted to the frame of the machine, the lever thus acting not only to support the on the top plate of the machine.

bar but to limit the return. movement of the bar produced by the spring 58. The form of the driver, the actuating mechanism, and the means by which the driver operates the actuating mechanism may be of any suitable description. The form which has been described is, however, the preferred form.

The actuator-bar operates through suitable connections, which may be widely varied, to produce the movement of the type mechanism and the spacing mechanism. As shown, this mechanism includes a series of locking bell-crank levers 64 65, the arms 65 of these levers being provided with shoulders 66, which are engaged by the actuator-bar 48. Each of these bell-crank levers in the construction shown is pivoted to a lever 67, these levers having lower forked ends which straddle the shaft 50. locking-levers and the actuator-bar is effected by means of the key-levers, which may be constructed in any suitable manner. As shown, each of these key-levers consists of a bent lever 69, supported on the shaft 50, before referred to, the levers being held in position onthe shaft by means of a bar 71, which passes through slots 72 in the key-levers. The means by which the key-levers cause the bent levers 64: 65 to engage the actuator-bar will be hereinafter described. It may be remarked, however, that these levers are held out of engagement with the bar by means of returning-springs 74:, the return movement of the levers and their engagement with the bar 48 when they are operated being insured on their forward movement by means of a guide 76 extending across the machine.

The intermediate connections by which the actuating mechanism, whatever its form may he, produces the operation of the type mechanism may be varied widely and will vary according to the type of machine in which the invention is embodied. In the Blickensderfer type of machine, which is a wheel-machine, the printing characters are carried on a wheel 82, which is rotated to bring in position the proper character to be impressed upon the paper, after which the wheel is givena further movement toward the paper to effect the printing. 1n the machine shown the wheel 82 is mounted on a vertical rod 83, which is mounted ina support8 1, carried on ashaft 85, extending across the machine and known as the action-shaft. This rod serves to support a pinion 86, to which is secured the stopping-ratchet 87 and the notched positioningwheel 88, the construction being that of the well-known Blickensderfer type of machine.

The shaft is secured in suitable bearings 90 This shaft 85 supports a pair of sleeves 91, one on each side of the machine. Each of these sleeves carries a sector 92, the sectors being provided with teeth which engage the pinion 86 on opposite sides. It will be understood that a The engagement between these part of the key-levers operate on one of the sectors 92 through its sleeve 91 and suitable connections, and the remainder of the keylevers operate upon the other sector 92 through its sleeve 91 and suitable connections. The operation of these sectors and of the stoppingratchet and the positioning-wheel is well unilerstood and need not be specifically stated iere. series of graduated tumblers 95, each of which is loose on the sleeve, but which may be locked thereto in the manner clearly set forth in the application hereinbefore referred to and in United States Patent N 0. 656,085, dated August 1 1, 1900. These tumblers are provided with teeth 98, which engage with teeth 99 formed on the lever 67, before referred to. In the operation of the machine as set forth in the patent above referred to when the lever 67 is operated it first slides the tumbler with respect to its sleeve so as to lock it thereto, and then the tumbler, sleeve, and shaft 85 turn together and operate the type-wheel. The release of the clutch mechanism is effected by the action of the particular lever which has been struck to produce the operation of a given type. While the means by which the clutch mechanism is thrown into operation may be of any suitable form, in the present machine this is effected by moving the slidebar 29, before referred to, in engagement with the controller-lever 25. The connection by which the key-levers effect the movement of the slide-bar may be of any suitable character. In the present machine there is provided an operating member which is common to all the key-levers and which consists of a rock-shaft 102, provided with an operating-rib 103. This shaft is also provided with an arm 106, to which the slide-bar is connected. (See Fig. 2.) As the shaft 102 is rocked, therefore, the slide-bar is operated and the clutch is released.

The connections by which the operation of any particular key causes the power mechanism to be thrown into operation maybe widely varied in form; but they will be of such a character that they may be interrupt ed after the key is struck and before it has returned, so that the parts or such of them as are necessary to enable a second key to be operated to throw the power mechanism into operation may be returned before the key is returned. In the construction shown there is provided a series of connectors which are interposed between the operating member or shaft 102 and the key-levers, said. connectors being so constructed that the connection formed by them may be interrupted directly after the power mechanism has been thrown into operation. As shown, these connectors consistof sliding plat-es 275, these plates being supported on a rod 276, which extends across the machine and suitably mounted in the frame, said rods passing through slots 277 The sleeves 91 are operated through a' in the connectors. In the preferred form of the construction a connector is provided for each key lever, and each connector has a shoulder 278, which is normally in engagement with a shoulder 279, formed on the bent key-lever 69, before referred to. The connectors are held, in their rearward position on the bar 276-that is, with the forward portion of their slots in engagement with the bar by means of springs 280, which are secured to the connectors and to the frame of the machine. The connectors are further provided with shoulders 281, which are normally in engagement with the rib 103 on the shaft 102. The connectors, in addition to serving as a part of the means by which the keys release the power mechanism, also serve to operate the bell-crank levers 64 65, before referred to, by which the actuator-bar is connected to the mechanism for operating the type mechanism, and it may be here remarked that connectors of proper construction may be used for this purpose in machines in which power mechanism is not employed, but in which it is desired. to release the actuatingmechanism for the type from its operating mechanism before the key by which the mechanism is thrown into operation has returned. In order to enable the connectors to operate the levers 64 65, they are provided witn extensions 282, which lie behind the arm 6 1 of these levers. hen a key is operated, therefore, the corresponding connector rocks the shaft 102 and at the same time causes the arm 65 of the levers 6 165 to engage the actuator-bar, so that the lever 67 will be thrown forward to produce an operation of the type mechanism. When a con necter under the influence of an operating-key has produced the results referred to, it should be immediately released to permit the parts to return to their normal position. The release of the connectors may be effected by any desired mechanism. As shown, each connector is provided with a projection or shoulder 283, which overlies a lifter 284, carried on the lever 67. As soon, therefore, as the power mechanism causes this lever 67 to move the lifter will be operated and will raise the connector out of engagement with the shoulder 279 on the bent lever. The connector now is free to return and will be returned by a spring 280, and at the same time the shaft 102 and the slide-bar 29 will be returned so as to be in position to be operated by another key. The position of the parts prior to the operation of any key is shown in Fig. 2, in which it will be seen that the shoulder 278 of the connector is in engagement with the shoulder 279 of the bent lever 69 and the shoulder 281 is in position to engage the operating-rib 103 on the shaft 102, this shaft, however, being broken away in this figure in the interest of clearness. The position of the parts when the actuator-bar is at the forward limit of its stroke is shown in Fig. 3, in which it will be seen that the connector 275 has been disengaged from the shoulder 279 on the key-lever and has been returned by its spring back against the supporting-bar 276, and it will also be seen that the shaft 102 has returned. Fig. 4 illustrates the position of the parts after the actuator-bar has completed its return movement, it being supposed that the key which produces the movement of the actuator-bar is held down. It will be seen that in this figure, as well as in Fig. 3, the shaft 102 has returned and is in position so that it may be operated on by the connector of any other key, although the key which produced its operation in the first instance has not returned to its normal position.

After the type mechanism has completed the impression movementthat is, its movement toward thepaper by which it effects an impression of the type-it must be returned. and in machines of the type illustrated to embody the invention this return movement must be positive in order to bring the type-wheel back to the initial starting-point from which all revolutions of the wheel must begin in order to properly position each character for its impression on the paper. Heretofore it has been usual in the present type of machines to return the type-wheel and its connected parts by a spring. As it has been heretofore arranged, however, the spring is objectionable for the reason that it is under the greatest tension and is consequently exercising its greatest force at the time when the type-wheel is completing its impression movement or stroke. In order, therefore, to produce the elastic or momentum blow which has been heretofore referred to, it has been necessary in actuating the type-wheel to overcome the force of the spring and at the time when, as has been before said,this force was the greatest. While the mechanism which is employed to return the type mechanism may beof any suitable character, in the preferred construction and as shown it will be of such a character as to leave the type mechanism free from the returning force of the mechanism at the time when the type mechanism is completing its impression movement, thereby making it much easier to effect the desired elastic blow. In the construction illustrated the shaft 85, heretofore referred to as the action-shaft, is provided with an arm or projection 285, which is provided with a returning portion 286 and a holding portion 287. Cooperating with this projection on the shaft 85 is a twoarmed lever 288 289, pivoted at 290 to a bracket 291, depending from the top plate 3. The arm 288 of this lever is preferably provided with an antifriction-roller 292, which cooperates either with the holding or the returning surface of the arm or projection 285, according to the position of the action-shaft. This lever 288 289 may be operated by any desired mechanism, but will preferably be operated by a spring, and in the preferred form of the construction this spring will be mounted so that it will not be placed under tension or at least not under strong tension at the time when the action-shaft is moving to effect the impression movement of the type mechanism. This spring is accordingly mounted on a movable support, which support is given its movement as the type mechanism moves toward the paper. In the construction shown, which is a preferred form, there is provided a bent arm 293, having at one of its ends a fork which straddles the shaft 50 and being secured to one of the legs of the actuator-bar A8 by means of a screw 294 or in any other suitable manner. Mounted on this-arm 293 is an arm 295, to which one end of a pullspring 296 is secured, the other end of the pull-spring being secured to the arm 289 of the returning-lever before referred to. It is apparent that as the actuator-bar starts forward the spring will move with it toward the arm of the lever 289, to which it is secured. The normal position of the parts when they are quiescent is well illustrated in Fig. 7. In this figure the returning-surface 286 of the arm or projection 285 is resting againstthe roller 292, the backward movement of the lever being prevented by means of a stop 297, which also forms a part of the arm 285. As the shaft 85 under the influence of the actuator bar begins to rock to give the type mechanism an impression movement the lever 288 289 is rocked so as to cause the roller 292 to run off from the returning portion of the arm 285 onto the holding portion 287 of the arm. This holding port-ion is formed on a circle struck from a center which corresponds with the center of the shaft 85. Fig. 10 illustrates the position of the parts at the time when the roller 292 is passing from the returning-surface 286 to the holding-surface 28'7, the type-wheel being then in about the position diagrammatically illustrated in this figure. It will of course be understood that the returning-spring 296 has been caused to move toward the lever-arm by the operation of the actuator-bar, so that the full force of the spring is not exercised on the return ing-lever, and the lever readily moves from the position indicated in Fig. 7 to the position indicated in Fig. 10. The position of the parts at the time the type-wheel strikes the paper is illustrated in Fig. 11, and it will be seen that during the movement of the actionshaft from the position indicated in Fig. 10 to the position indicated in Fig. 11 the roller 292 is running on. the circular or holding portion 287 of the arm 285, and this roller and the returning-lever by which it is carried is not, therefore, exercising any returning force on the arm or projection 285. The rebound of the type-whee and the action of the other returning parts throws the type-wheel back from the position indicated in Fig. 11 to thatindicated in Fig. 10. The spring 296 has by this time, however, been placed under full tension, as indicated in Fig. 11, by the return of the actuator-bar, which gets back before the typewheel. The returning-lever therefore new acts strongly on the returning portion 286 of the arm 285 and rotates the shaft in a direction opposite to that indicated by the arrow on the returning portion in 10. The type-wheel is therefore thrown positively and quickly back to its initial or starting position, said position being indicated in Fig. 1, in which the segments 92 on the shaft 85 are resting against a stop 110.

The carriage-feeding mechanism employed may be of any suitable description, but will preferably be of such a character that the carriage is under the control of the feeding devices at the time when it is being moved, but is free to be moved in either direction at other times. The construction by which the carriage is fed and at the same time is left free to move in either direction when it is not according to the type of machine and the particular feeding mechanism employed. In the construction illustrated the carriage is given a step-by-ste p advancing movement and is also given a continuous movement in either direction,these movements being effected by proper connections to the power mechanism; but the carriage is also free to be moved in any other manner-as, for instance. by the hand of the o1')eratorwhen it is not under the control of the mechanism which gives it the step-bystep movement or the continuous movement. As shown in the drawings, the carriage is provided with a rack 167, which is engaged by a pinion 168, mounted on a vertical shaft 169, the pinion being in continuous engagement with the rack. The shaft 169 is provided with a gear-wheel 174, which is in mesh (see Fig. 1) with two gears 175 176, which are mounted on a shaft 17 7, said shaft being loosely mounted in a support or block 17 8. This block 178 is mounted so as to receive a pivotal movement by means hereinafter described. The gear 176 has secured to it a friction-wheel 17 9. The gear 175 has secured to it a friction-wheel 180, the wheel 180 preferably being of less diameter than the wheel 17 9. These wheels 179 180 are arranged so that they can be driven from the power mechanism, and to this end the shaft 5 is provided with friction dri\-'ingwl1eels 181 182. The wheel 181 is located so that it may be engaged by the wheel 180 and the wheel 182 so that it may be engaged by the wheel 179. The engagement between the wheels 180 and 181 and the wheels 179 182 is effected by giving the supporting block 178 a swinging movement. While this maybe done in any desired manner, in the construction shown it is effected by means of two key-levers 187 188, suitably pivoted in the frame. The key-lever 187 is connected by means of a short tie-rod 298 to an angular extension 299 of a projecting portion 183 of the block 178. Similarly the lever 188 is connected by a short tie-rod 300 to an angular extension 301 of the projecting portion 183. Then the lever 187 is depressed, the support 17 8, through the connections described, will be swung so that the wheel 179 is in contact with the wheel 182, which in the present machine is a constantlyrunning wheel. The shaft 169 will therefore be operated through the gearing described,

and the carriage will be given a movement tothe left or an advancing movement. YVhen, however, the key 188 is depressed, the block 178 will be swung in the opposite direction, bringing the wheel 180 into contact with the wheel 181, so that the carriage is moved to the right. Inasmuch as the wheel 180 is smaller in diameter than the wheel 179, this movement will be more rapid than the movement of the carriage to the left. Means are preferably provided to hold the support 178 in position so that neither of the wheels 179 180 is in engagement with its driving-wheel, and also to return the block to its normal position after either of the key-levers has been operated. In the construction shown this is effected by means of {a spring 302, which is mounted on the machine-casing. This spring has an angular projection 303, which engages with a V-shaped notch 304C in the end of the projecting portion 183. hen the pressure is removed from either of the key-levers 187 188, this spring exercises a cam action on the sides of the V-shaped notch and swings the block into a central position, in which neither of the wheels 179 and 180 is in engagement with its driving-wheel. The step-bystep advancing movement of the carriage, while it may be effected in any suitable manner, in the construction shown is effected through the rack and pinion 167 and 168, before referred to. The means by which this is effected may be varied; but, as shown, the shaft 169 is provided with a ratchet-wheel 305,which is operated upon by a pawl 306, supported on a pawl carrier 307, loosely mounted on the shaft 169. The pawl-carrier and pawl are held in inoperative position by means of a spring 308, secured to the pawl and to a pin on the top plate of the machine. The feeding movement of the carriage is effected by the actuator-bar 48, this movement taking place slightly in advance of the type-wheel. The connections by which the feeding is effected by the actuator-bar may be of any desired description. 1n the construction shown the pawl 306 is provided with an operating-arm 309, which is struck by one of the arms 3.10 of an operating bell-crank lever 310 311, pivoted at 312 on a bracket 313, depending from the top plate 3. The arm 311 of this bellcrank lever carries a stud 31 1, which is struck by the arm 293, before referred to as secured to the actuator-bar, the ends of this arm being preferably slightly rounded, as shown. As the actuator-bar, therefore. begins its movement the bell-crank lever 310 311 is operated and the pawl 306 is thrown forward into engagement with the ratchet-wheel 305, the continued movement of the bell-crank and the lever causing the pawl-carrier and pawl to advance and turn the ratchet-wheel 305, thus rotating the shaft 169 and pinion and advancing the carriage.

Suitable means will preferably be provided for preventing overfeeding. As shown, these means consist ofa block 315, pivotally mounted on an extension of the top plate 3, said block being backed up by a set-screw 316. The head of the pawl is chamfered off, as shown, and the block is arranged so that its operating edge lies on an incline. As the pawl completes its feeding movement it jams between the block 315 and the ratchet-wheel. This prevents any overfeeding, and the position of the parts may be readily regulated by adjusting the set-screw 316. I/Vhile the spring 308 may be relied upon to return the pawl-carrier, there will preferably be provided a second spring 317, secured to the pawl-carrier and to the bed-plate, which will assist in returning the parts. The lever 310 311 is preferably positively returned. The means by which this is effected may be varied; but, as shown, the arm 311 is provided with a depending extension 318, which is arranged to be struck by a projection 319, formed on the plate 295, before referred to. As the actuator-bar returns, therefore, the lever 310 311 is positively returned.

In order to prevent any backward movement of the carriage, such as might be produced by the returning movement of the pawl, there is preferably provided a holding device, which, as shown, consists of a pawl 320, pivoted at 321 to the plate 3. This pawl has connected to one of its ends an operatingspring 322, the other end being provided with a hook 323, which at the proper time engages one of the teeth of the ratchet 305. This pawl lies in the path of the arm 310 of the lever 310 311. As the arm 310 moves forward the spring 322 throws the pawl ahead against the teeth of the ratchet-wheel. As the lever 310 returns, however, the pawl is forced out of engagement with the teeth of the ratchet. It is apparent, therefore, that except at the time when the feeding movement is actually taking place neither of the feeding-pawls is operating on the feeding ratchet. Furthermore, since the shaft 169 is entirely free to turn except when under the control of the feeding-pawl or the friction driving-wheels 181 and 182 it follows that the carriage is entirely free to' be moved by hand except when the mechanical feeding movements are in actual operatiomand it is further apparent 5 that no release of the step-by-step advancing mechanism is necessary in order to throw the continuous feeding mechanism into operation.

It is to be understood that changes and variations may be made in the constructions herein shown and described without departing from the invention. The invention is not, therefore, to be limited to the specific details of construction herein shown and described.

hat is claimed is- 1. In a type-writer, the combination with a carriage free to move in either direction, of power-operated key-controlled means for advancing the carriage, and power-driven means for returning the carriage, substantially as described.

2. In atype-writer, the combination with a carriage free to move in either direction, of key-controlled power-operated means for advancing the carriage, and key controlled power driven means for returning the carriage, substantially as described.

3. In a type-writer, the combination with a carriage free to move in either direction, of key-controlled means for giving the carriage a step bystep advancing movement, and means for giving the carriage a continuous advancing movement, substantially as described.

4. In a type-Writer, the combination with a carriage free to move in either direction, of key-controlled power-operated means for giving the carriage a step by step advancing movement, and key-controlled power-operated means for giving the carriage a continuous advancing movement, substantially as described.

5. In a type-writer, the combination witha carriage free to move in either direction. of key-controlled power-operated means for giving the carriage a step-by-step advancing movement, and key-controlled power-operated means forgiving the carriage a continuous movement in either direction, substantially as described.

6. In a type-Writer, the combination with a carriage free to move in either direction, of power-operated means for giving the carriage a step by step advancing movement, said means including suitable engaging devices, and means independent of said devices and cooperating therewith to prevent overfeed ing, substantially as described.

7. In a type-writer, the combination with a carriage free to move in either direction, of power-operated means for giving the carriage a stepby-step advancing movement, said means including suitable engaging devices, and adjustable means independent of said devices and cooperating therewith to prevent overfeeding, substantially as described.

8. In a type-writer, the combination with a carriage free to move in either direction, of carriage-moving means, devices for operating said moving means to give the carriage a stepby-step advancing movement, and devices for operating said moving means to give the car riage a continuous movement, substantially as described.

9. In a type-writer, the combination with a carriage free to move in either direction, of carriage-moving means, devices for operating said moving means to give the carriage a step-by-step advancing movement, and poweroperated devices for actuating said moving means to give the carriage a continuous movement, substantially as described.

10. In a typewriter, the combination with a carriage free to move in either direction, of carriage-moving means, power operated devices for actuating said means to give the carriage a step-by-step advancing movement, and po wer-operated devices for actuating said means to give the carriage a continuous advancing movement,substantially as described.

11. In a type-writer, the combination with a carriage. free to move in either direction, of carriage-moving means, power-operated devices for actuating said means to give the carriage a step-by-step advancing movement,

and power-operated devices for actuating said means to give the carriage a continuous movement in either direction, substantially as described.

12. Ina type-writer, the combination with a carriage free to move in either direction, of a rack and pinion for moving the carriage, means for operating the pinion to give the carriage a step-by-step movement, and means for operating the pinion to give the carriage a continuous movement, substantially as described.

13. In a type-writer, the combination with a carriage free to move in either direction, of a rack and pinion for moving the carriage, means for operating the pinion to give the carriage a stepby-step movement, and poweroperated means for actuating said pinion to give the carriagea continuous movement, substantially as described.

14. In a type-writer, the combination with a carriage free to move in either direction, of a rack and pinion for moving the carriage, power-operated means for actuating the pinion to give the carriage a step-by-step movement, and power-operated means for actuating said pinion to give the carriage a continuous advancing movement, substantially as described.

15. In a type-writer, the combination with a carriage free to move in either direction, of a rack and pinion for moving the carriage, power-operated means for actuating the pinion to give the carriage a step-by-step movement, and power-operated means for actuating said pinion to give the carriage a con tinuous movement in either direction, substantially as described.

16. In a type-writer, the combination with a carriage, of means for giving it a continuous movement in either direction, step-bystep advancing means, and holding means operating to prevent movement of the moving means during the return oi the step-by-step advancing means, said holding and advancing means being normally out of action, substantially as described.

17. In a type-writer, the combination with a carriage, of a ke;-*controlled power-operated device for giving the carriage a continuous movement, a key-controlled poweroperated device forgiving the carriage a stepby-step movement, and a holding device, the step-by-step device and holding device being normally inoperative, substantially as de-' scribed.

18. In a type-writer, the combination with a carriage, of a l ey-controlled poweroperated device for giving the carriage a continuous movement, a key-controlled poweroperated device for giving the carriage a stepby-step movement, a holding device, the stepby-step device and holding device being normally inoperative, and adjustable means eooperating with the step-by step advancing device to prevent overiieeding, substantially as described.

19. In a type-writer, the combination with a carriage, 01 means for giving it a continuous movement in either direction, step-bystep advancing devices, holding devices operating to prevent movement of the moving means during the return of the step-by-step advancing devices, said holding and advancing devices being normally out of action, and adjustable means cooperating with the step-bystep advancing devices to prevent overieeding, substantially as described.

20. In a type-writer, the combination with a carriage, of moving means therefor including a shaft,key-controlled power-operated devices for driving the shaft continuously, a type mechanism, key-controlled power-operated means for ope ng the ype.me m, a

pznvl-and-ratchet mechanism for giving the carriage a step-by-step movement, adjustable means cooperating with the pawl-and-ratchet mechanism to prevent over-feeding, connections between the type-mechanism-operating means and the pawl-and-ratchet mechanism whereby said pawl-and-ratchet mechanism is operated, and a holding-pawl, both pawls being normally inoperative, substantially as described.

21. In a type-writer, the combination with a typemechanism, of an actuator, power-operated means for moving the actuator, operating connections between the actuator and the type mechanisn'i, a carriage, devices for giving the carriage a step-by-step movement, operating connections between said devices and the actuator, and a holding device, said holding de vice and. step-by-step devices being normally inoperative, substantially as described.

22. In a type-writer, the combination with a type mechanism, of a carriage, an actuator, connections between the actuator and the type mechanism, key controlled power-operated means for moving the actuator, means for moving the carriage said means including a shaft, key-controlled means for giving the shaft a continuous movement, a ratchet-wheel mounted on the shaft, a pawl for giving the ratchet-wheel a step-by-step movement, operating connections between the pawl and actuator,and a holding-pawl, both pawls being normally inoperative, substantially as described.

23. In a type-writer, the combination with acarriagehavinga rack, of a pinion in engagement therewith, a shaft on which said pinion is mounted, a ratchet-wheel on the shaft, a feeding-pawl operating to rotate the wheel, a lever cooperating with the pawl, and a holding-pawl which is moved into position as the lever operates the feeding-pawl and moved out of position as the lever returns, substantially as described.

24k. In a type-writer, the combination with a carriage having a rack, of a pinion in engagement therewith, a shaft on which said pinion is mounted, a ratchet-wheel on the shaft, a feeding-pawl cooperating with the wheel, a lever cooperating with the pawl, a holding-pawl which is moved into position as the lever operates the feeding-pawl and moved out of position as the lever returns, a he -controlled power-operated actuator-bar, and operating connections between the actuator-bar and the lever, substantially as described.

25. In a type-writer, the combination with a type mechanism, of a constantly-running power mechanism, an actuator-bar, operating connections between the actuator-bar and the type mechanism, key-controlled connections whereby the power mechanism operates the actuator-bar, a carriage having a rack, a pinion engaging the rack, a shaft on which the pinion is mounted, a ratchet-wheel on the shaft, a feeding-pawl, a two-armed lever, one arm of which operates the pawl, a bar rigidly connected to the actuator-bar and operating on the other arm of the lever, and a normally inoperative holding-pawl, substantially as described.

26. In a type-writer, the combination with a type mechanism, of a constantly-running power mechanism, an actuator-bar, operating connections between the actuator-bar and the type mechanism, key-controlled connections whereby the power mechanism operates the actuator-bar, a carriage having a rack, a pinion engaging the rack, a shaft on which the pinion is mounted, a ratchet-wheel on the shaft, a feeding-pawl, a two-armed lever, one arm of which operates the pawl, a bar rigidly connected to the actuator-bar and operating on the other arm of the lever, and a normally inoperative holding-pawl, said pawl being moved into engagement with the ratchet-wheel as the feeding-pawl is operated and being moved out of engagement by the two-armed lever as the pawl is returned, substantially as described.

27. In a power type-writer, the combination with the power mechanism, of a carriage, driving means whereby the power mechanism moves the carriage, step-by-step advancing devices for the carriage, said driving means and step-by-step advancing devices being normally inoperative, whereby the carriage is free to move in either direction, and key-eontrolled means for causing the driving means or the step-by-step advancing devices to become operative, substantially as described.

28. In a power type-writer, the combination with the power mechanism, of a shaft, driving devices between the shaft and the carriage, normally inoperative driving connections between the shaft and the power mechanism, a pawl mechanism for feeding the carriage, said mechanism being normally out of feeding relation, and key-controlled means for throwing either the pawl mechanism or the driving connections into operative relation, substantially as described.

29. In a power type-writer, the combination with the power mechanism, of means including a pawl-and ratchet mechanism for feeding the carriage forward, said pawl andratchet mechanism being normally inoperative whereby the carriage is free to move in either direction, and key-controlled operating connections between the power mechanism and the pawl-and-ratchet mechanism, substantlally as described.

30. In a power type-writer, the combination with the power mechanism, of a carriage, a shaft, means whereby the shaft moves the car riage, normally inoperative key-controlled driving mechanism between the shaft and the power mechanism, a ratchet on the shaft, a

feed in gpawl normally out of engagement with the ratchet, and key-controlled connections whereby the power mechanism operates the holding-pawl, substantially as described.

31. In a power typewriter, the combination with the power mechanism, of a carriage, a shaft, means whereby the shaft moves the carriage, normally inoperative key-controlled driving mechanism between the shaft and the power mechanism, a ratchet on the shaft, a feeding-pawl and a holding-pawl normally out of engagement with the ratchet, and key-controlled connections whereby the power mechanism operates the pawls, substantially as described.

32. In a power type-writer, the combination with a constantly-running power-shaft having driving devices, of a support mounted to receive a swinging movement, a pair of keycontrolled levers for moving the support in opposite directions, positive connections between the l ey-levers and the support, normally inoperative driving devices carried by the support and adapted to be thrown by the movement of the support into operative relation with the driving devices on the constantly-running shaft an operating-shaft, connections between the driving devices and the shaft whereby said devices turn the shaft in opposite directions, a carriage, and means whereby the shaft drives the carriage, sub stantially as described.

33. In a power type-writer, the combination with a constantly-running power-shaft having driving devices, of a support mounted to receive a swinging movement, a pair of keycontrolled levers for moving the support in opposite directions, positive connections between the key-levers and the support, normally inoperative driving devices carried by the support and adapted to be thrown by the movement of the support into operative rela tion with the driving devices on the constantlyrunning-shaft, an operating-shaft, connections between the driving devices and the shaft whereby said devices turn the shaft in opposite directions, a carriage, means whereby the shaft drives the carriage, a ratchet-wheel on the shaft, a feeding-pawl normally out of operative relation with the ratchet-wheel, and powcr-operated means for actuating the pawl, substantially as described.

34:. Ina power type-writer, the combination with a constantly-running power-shaft having driving devices, of a support mounted to receive a swinging movement, a pair of keycontrolled levers for moving the support in opposite directions, positive connections between the key-levers and the support, normally inoperative drivingdevices carried by the support and adapted to be thrown by the movement of the support into operative relation with the driving devices on the constantlyrunningshaft, an operating-shaft, connections between the driving devices and the shaft whereby said devices turn the shaft in opposite directions, a carriage, means whereby the shaft drives the carriage, a ratchet-wheel on the shaft, a feeding-pawl and a holding-pawl normally out of operative relation with the ratchet-wheel, and power-operated means for actuating the pawls, substantially as described.

35. In apower type-writer, thecombination with a constantly-running power-shaft having a pair of friction driving-wheels, of asupport mounted to receive a swinging movement, a pair of normally inoperative friction drivingwheels carried by the support either of which is adapted to be thrown into operative relation with the corresponding wheel on the drivingshaft by the swinging movement of the sup port, an operating-shaft, gearing whereby the d riving-wheels on the support turn the operating-shaft in opposite directions, a carriage having arack, a pinion on the shaft engaging the rack, a pair of levers adapted to swing the support in opposite directions, and positive connections between the key-levers and the support, substantially as described.

36. In a power type-writer, the combination with a constantly-running power-shaft having a pair of friction driving-wheels, of a support mounted to receive a swinging movement, a pair of normally inoperative friction driving-wheels carried by the support either of which is adapted to be thrown into operative relation with the corresponding wheel on the driving-shaft by the swinging movement of the support, an operating-shaft, gearing whereby the driving-wheels on the support turn the operating-shaft in opposite directions, a carriage having a rack, a pinion on the shaft engaging the rack, a pair of levers adapted to swing the support in opposite directions,positive connections between thekeylevers and the support, a ratchet-Wheel on the operating-shaft, a feeding-pawl normally out of engagement with the ratchet-wheel, and key-controlled means whereby the power mechanism ope ates the pawl, substantially as described.

37. In a power type-writer,the combination with a constantly-running power-shaft having a pair of friction driving-wheels, of a support mounted to receive a swinging move ment, a pair of normally inoperative friction driving-wheels carried by the support either of which is adapted to be thrown into operative relation with the corresponding wheel on the driving-shaft by the swinging movement of the support, an operating-shaft, gearing whereby the driving-wheels on the support turn the operating-shaft in opposite directions, a carriage having a rack, a pinion on the shaft engaging the rack, a pair of levers adapted to swing the support in opposite directions, positive connections between the key-levers and the support, a ratchet-wheel on the operating-shaft, a feeding-pawl and a holding-pawl normally out of engagement with the ratchetwheel, and key-controlled means whereby the power mechanism operates the pawls, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

GEORGE C. BLICKENSDERFER.

Nitnesses:

HARRY BELL, IVM. N. TRAVIS. 

